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Technical Papers Library

Browse the library of technical papers authored by Hydro International's water experts for information on stormwater, wastewater and combined sewer overflow research. 

For papers about best management practices for the water industry, browse Hydro's White Papers Library located in the Press Centre.

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file icon Why Satellite Treatment within Collection Systems Makes Sensehot! 08/23/2004
Authors
Professor Robert Y.G. Andoh
Abstract
The conventional approach to the rehabilitation and improvement of collection system service levels has been to enhance system capacity and transfer increased flows to central wastewater treatment facilities, which in turn often results in the need for upgrading the treatment works to handle increased flows. The paper highlights why the implementation of satellite treatment systems within the collection systems (away from end of pipe) provides significant benefits from both a process and public health standpoint compared with the conventional approach.

Aspects of wastewater characterization, in particular settling velocity distributions, and its relevance on the performance of physical unit processes such as sedimentation and filtration are described and used to explain why satellite treatment makes sense. The satellite CSO treatment facilities at Columbus, Georgia which have undergone more than 5 years of peer reviewed intensive monitoring are described and used as a case example to highlight the benefits and significant cost savings that accrue from implementing satellite treatment systems within collection systems.

file icon Weedon Flood Storage Scheme - the Biggest Hydro-Brake in the Worldhot! 03/17/2004
Authors
G P BOAKES, A STEPHENSON, J B LOWES, A C MORISON, A T USBORNE
Abstract
The Northamptonshire villages around Weedon in the upper River Nene valley, suffered disastrous flooding in 1947, 1992 and 1998, with Weedon Bec being particularly badly affected. The channel through the village is constricted by historic developments and the opportunity to enlarge the channels was not available. Restricted culverts under the railway embankments downstream compounded the flood situation.

To alleviate the problem the Environment Agency and Halcrow Group developed an upstream on-line storage reservoir scheme. The project includes a 450m long, 6.8m high clay embankment across the valley, with a culvert on the line of the original river channel to carry the controlled outflow. A 150m long concrete-block spillway carries excess flood flows over the embankment. The embankment site has been landscaped to minimise visual impacts and the borrow area has been developed into a large wetland area as a habitat for aquatic flora and fauna.

The key component of the flow control system is a 6.5 tonne, stainless steel Hydro-Brake

file icon Wastewater Treatment Using Hydrodynamic Vortex Separatorshot! 09/16/2004
Authors
file icon VERIFICATION OF THE UP-FLOhot! 07/26/2006
Authors
Lisa Glennon, Robert Andoh, Uday Khambhammettu, Robert Pitt, and Shirley Clark
Abstract
Drainage areas such as parking lots, vehicle fueling and maintenance stations, and public works storage areas have been dubbed critical source areas due to the observation that runoff from these areas may contain high pollutant loadings of varying pollutant classifications, including trash and other debris, coarse and fine sediment, hydrocarbons, toxic trace metals, nutrients, pathogens, and/or other toxicants. Typically, various types of treatment are needed to target the different classifications of pollutants for effective stormwater treatment. The Up-Flo™ Filter, a new stormwater treatment technology developed under the EPA’s SBIR program, has been designed to treat different classifications of stormwater pollutants by incorporating multiple elements of a treatment train into a single device. The Up-Flo™ Filter with CPZ Mix™ media has undergone a full-scale field evaluation at a site near the City Hall in Tuscaloosa, AL.
This paper presents results of a comprehensive characterization and performance verification of a full-scale Up-Flo™ Filter unit tested under controlled laboratory conditions at Hydro International’s facility in Portland, ME, and compares the results to the field data collected by the University of Alabama. Further verification work is currently underway at the Pennsylvania State Univeristy in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
The Up-Flo™ Filter with CPZ Mix™ media is shown to be a high-rate filtration device with a relatively high filtration rate per unit surface area of the filtration media. The Up-Flo™ Filter is also capable of TSS removal down to 0.45 – 3 μm range.
file icon USING TERTIARY AERATED SAND FILTERS FOR AMMONIA REMOVALhot! 09/25/2007

Authors

Barter, P. and Smith, J.

Abstract

With the challenge of meeting new tighter ammonia consents in municipal wastewater treatment, tertiary aerated sand filters, combining the solids removal aspects and selfcleaning properties of continuously backwashed up-flow filters (CoUF’s) with the ammonia conversion capabilities of an attached growth filter are becoming increasingly popular. With specific reference to the DynaSand / DynaOxy system, this paper examines how the filters work, covering their form and operation and what mechanisms are used in their control. The optimisation of process air requirements to maximise the ammonia conversion effectiveness of biomass is considered, along with energy consumption issues and operational practices required to ensure efficient operation in the longer term. The results of a monitoring study of a full-scale installation treating a dry weather flow of over 2000 m3/day are presented.

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