CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
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Authors
D.S. Jarman, M.G. Faram, D. Butler, G. Tabor, V.R. Stovin, D. Burt and E. Throp
Abstract
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) can be applied to gain insights into most fluid processes and associated phenomena and so presents potential to add value in the analysis of urban drainage systems. This paper presents a review of CFD studies carried out in this field, with the objective of developing an appreciation of how and where it can be applied. Existing work has tended to focus around the analysis of four types of urban drainage structure, including Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs), storage and attenuation systems, stormwater sediment interceptors and sewerage conveyance structures. Within the respective studies, the prediction of flowfields, particulate behaviour, water surface profiles and Residence Time Distributions (RTDs) are found to form the main focus, and as such, these are considered in most detail in the paper. It is concluded that CFD presents a number of opportunities in urban drainage system analysis, and that the scope of this opportunity will further develop as both computational hardware and software resources become more advanced.
Authors
D. Egarr, M.G. Faram, T. O’Doherty, D. Phipps and N. Syred
Abstract
A Hydrodynamic Vortex Separator (HDVS) has been modelled using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in order to predict the residence time of the fluid at the overflow and underflow outlets. A technique which was developed for use in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) was used to determine the residence time and the results have been compared with those determined experimentally. It is shown that in using CFD, it is possible to predict the mean residence time of the fluid and to study the response to a pulse injection of tracer. It is also shown that it is possible to apply these techniques to predict the mean survival rate of bacteria in a combined separation and disinfection process.
Authors
Darrell A. Egarr, Michael G. Faram, Timothy O’Doherty, David A. Phipps, Nicholas Syred
Abstract
A Hydrodynamic Vortex Separator (HDVS) has been modelled using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in order to predict the residence time of the fluid at the overflow and underflow outlets. A technique which was developed for use in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) was used. The results have been compared to those determined experimentally. It is shown that in using CFD, it is possible to predict the mean residence time of the fluid and to study the response to a pulse injection of tracer. It is also shown that it is possible to apply these techniques to predict the mean survival rate of bacteria in a combined separation and disinfection process.
Authors
Authors
Darrell A. Egarr, Mike Faram, Tim O’Doherty and Nick Syred
Abstract
Hydrodynamic vortex separators (HDVSs) are low energy solid-liquid separation systems. They have been applied for a number of duties including wastewater treatment, combined sewer overflow treatment and storm water treatment. Such systems operate whereby solids settle due to the force of gravity and sufficient residence time for this to take place is provided by the rotary nature of the path of the fluid through the separator. In this study, the HDVS is considered operating without an underflow component which may be the case in practice, for example, where collected solid material is removed on a batch basis.
